DENSITY OF MATERIALS

The density of a material is defined as material mass per unit volume and designated by the symbol ρ (rho). The SI unit of density is kg / m3 and U.S. customary unit of density is lb/ft3. Density is an important characteristic property of a material and varies with temperature and pressure.

Room temperature density values for some of the common materials including aluminum, steel, bronze, iron, brass, concrete, copper, gold, silver, invar, magnesium, nickel, timber, titanium and zinc are given in the following materials density chart.

Density of Materials Table
Material Density (ρ)
kg / m3 lb / ft3
Aluminum 2700 168.6
Aluminum Alloy 6061-T6 2710 169.2
Aluminum Alloy 7075-T6 2800 174.8
Asphalt 2120 132.3
Brass, 60 - 40 8400 524.4
Red Brass (85% Cu, 15% Zn) 8740 545.6
Yellow Brass (65% Cu, 35% Zn) 8470 528.8
Brick, common 1800 112.4
Tin Bronze 8800 549.4
Manganese  Bronze 8360 521.9
Carbon, diamond 3250 202.9
Carbon, graphite 2000 - 2500 124.9 - 156.1
Coal 1200 - 1500 74.9 - 93.6
Concrete 2200 137.3
Copper, commercial 8300 518.2
Glass, 98% silica 2190 136.7
Glass, plate 2500 156.1
Glass, wool 200 12.5
Gold 19300 1204.9
Granite 2750 171.7
Ice (0 °C) 917 57.2
Invar 8050 502.5
Iron, cast 7272 454.0
Lead 11340 707.9
Magnesium, 2% Mn 1778 111.0
Marble (Avg. Values) 2770 172.9
Monnel Alloy 400 (Ni-Cu) 8830 521.2
Nickel, 10% Cr 8666 541.0
Paper 700 43.7
Plexiglas 1180 73.7
Polystyrene 920 57.4
Polyvinyl chloride 1380 86.2
Rubber, soft 1100 68.7
Salt, rock 2100 - 2500 131.1 - 156.1
Sand, dry 1500 93.6
Sandstone (Avg. values) 2300 143.6
Silicon 2330 145.5
Silver, 99.9 % Ag 10524 657.0
Snow, firm 560 35.0
Stainless steel (St 304) 7820 488.2
Structural steel (A36) 7860 490.7
Timber, Douglas-fir 470 29.3
Timber, Spruce, Sitka 415 25.9
Timber, Shortleaf pine 500 31.2
Timber, Western white pine 390 24.3
Timber, White oak 690 43.1
Timber, Red oak 660 41.2
Timber, Western hemlock 440 27.5
Timber, Redwood 415 25.9
Tin 7304 456.0
Titanium Alloy (6% Al, 4% V) 4730 295.3
Tungsten 19300 1204.9
Wool 100 6.2
Zinc 7144 446.0

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